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Version: 3.0.0

How to install Node.js environment

Use scenario​

Generally, you can download the corresponding installation package from the Node.js official website to complete the environment configuration.

However, when you develop on-premises, you often need to quickly update or switch the version.

The community has solutions such as nvm, n, etc. We recommend cross-platform [nvs](https:/ /github.com/jasongin/nvs).

  • nvs is cross-platform.
  • Nvs is written based on Node, and we can participate in maintenance.

Friendly reminder: both Node 12.x and 14.x run into EOL. please upgrade to 16 or 18 as soon as possible. https://github.com/nodejs/Release

PS:nvs is generally only used for local development. For more information, see Popular text: What should I do if O & M does not upgrade the Node version?

How to install​

Linux / macOS environment​

The project corresponding to Git Clone can be used.

$ export NVS_HOME="$HOME/.nvs"
$ git clone https://github.com/jasongin/nvs --depth=1 "$NVS_HOME"
$ . "$NVS_HOME/nvs.sh" install

Windows environment​

Due to the complexity of Windows environment configuration, it is recommended to use msi file to complete initialization. Visit nvs/releases to download the latest version of nvs.msi, and then double-click to install.

Configure mirror address​

In China, due to reasons that everyone knows, it is necessary to modify the corresponding mirror address:

$ nvs remote node https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node/
$ nvs remote
default             node
chakracore          https://github.com/nodejs/node-chakracore/releases/
chakracore-nightly  https://nodejs.org/download/chakracore-nightly/
nightly             https://nodejs.org/download/nightly/
node                https://nodejs.org/dist/

Guidelines for Use​

With the following command, you can easily install the latest LTS version of Node.js.

# Install the latest LTS version
$ nvs add lts
# Configure as default version
$ nvs link lts

Install other versions:

# Install other versions and try them
$ nvs add 12
# View installed versions
$ nvs ls
# Switch version at current Shell
$ nvs use 12

For more information, see nvs --help.

Common npm global module​

If you use nvs, the default prefix is the installation path of the currently activated Node.js version. One problem is that after switching versions, the previous installation of the global command module needs to be reinstalled, which is very inconvenient. The solution is to configure a unified global module installation path to ~/.npm-global, as follows:

$ mkdir -p ~/.npm-global
$ npm config set prefix ~/.npm-global

You must also configure environment variables in the ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc file:

$ echo "export PATH=~/.npm-global/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.zshrc
$ source ~/.zshrc

Mac Silicon chips use lower versions of Node.js​

If you are using an Apple chip, since there is no chip support build for arm64 below Node.js 16, it cannot be installed directly.

Fortunately, there are workarounds to get Node.js 14 to work with Mac Silicon. Apple offers Rosetta, a translation app that allows apps built for Intel chips (or previous-generation Macs) to run under Apple Silicon.

There are two steps:

    1. Install Rosetta
    1. Switch to the intel environment and install a lower version of Node.js

Install Rosetta

Open the terminal and execute

$ /usr/sbin/softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license

Switch the environment and install a lower version of Node.js

    1. Open the terminal, execute arch, and confirm that the running is arm64
    1. Execute arch -x86_64 zsh to open a new terminal
    1. Execute arch to confirm that the running is i386
    1. Install a lower version of Node.js, you can use the nvs or nvm mentioned above to install